Retrieval vs few-shot prompting vs fine-tuning vs a custom model

This sheet compares Retrieval over a knowledge base, Few-shot examples in the prompt, Fine-tuning, Custom model from scratch.

CriterionRetrieval over a knowledge baseFew-shot examples in the promptFine-tuningCustom model from scratch
FixesMissing or changing contentFormat and behaviour; cannot carry a whole changing libraryLong few-shot prompts, rising tokens and latency, a fixed output schema, wrong tool choiceNothing the scenarios needed; heaviest option and still goes stale

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